Spine and Spinal Disorders

• ​Degenerative Disease of the Spine (Spondylosis)

Treatment in most cases consists of conservative methods such as:

• Medication
• The doctor may prescribe medication to relieve pain or muscle spasm.
• Physical Therapy and Activity Modication
• Hot/cold therapy, injections or an active exercise programme may help to relieve symptoms. Exercises
  can improve muscle strength and flexibility.
• Adopt a good posture and avoid staying in the same position for prolonged periods of time.
• Practice proper lifting techniques and avoid bending at the waist level.

Intervention is required for more severe symptoms or failure to respond to therapy:

• Injection Therapy
• This involves injection which may help reduce pain.
• Surgical Treatment
• Surgery may be necessary if pain does not improve or when there are progressive neurological symptoms.

• Tumours of the Spine

Treatment depends on the patient’s condition, extent of tumour and severity of symptoms.

Surgical decompression to relieve spinal cord or nerve pressure may be needed to obtain relief from symptoms. Additional procedures may be needed to stabilise the spine. Further treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy may also be necessary.

• Spinal Trauma

Surgery is needed in cases where the spine is unstable or when there is a bone fragment, blood clot or ruptured disc pressing on the spinal cord or nerve roots.

治疗

• 脊椎退行性疾病 (Spondylosis)

大多数情况下的治疗方法包括保守治疗，如：

• 药物治疗
• 医生可能会开药帮助患者缓解疼痛和减少肿胀。使用肌肉松弛剂也可能有效。
• 物理治疗和活动更改
• 热/冷疗、注射或参加积极的运动计划可能有助于缓解症状。 运动可以提高肌肉力量和灵活。
• 要有好的坐姿，避免长时间在同一个姿势。
• 用适当的姿势搬抬重物。

对于更严重的症状或对上述治疗没有反应的情况下，需要进行干预治疗：

• 神经或部分阻断技术
• 包括注射类固醇或射频损毁治疗，这将有助于减轻或消除疼痛。
• 外科治疗
• 如果其它治疗方法没有改善疼痛，或有行进性神经症状时，可考虑动手术。

• 脊椎肿瘤

治疗取决于患者的病情、肿瘤的程度和症状的严重程度。可能需要进行手术减压，缓解脊髓或神经压力，减轻症状。可能需要额外的手术来稳定脊椎。可能需要进一步的放疗和化疗来进行治疗。

• 脊椎外伤

在脊柱不稳定，或脊髓或神经根部有血块或损伤的情况下，需要进行手术治疗。对于某些脊柱骨折的情况，可以进行微创手术缓解疼痛。