Postural Hypotension

Postural Hypotension 体位性低血压 - What it is

What is postural hypotension?
Postural hypotension (or orthostatic hypotension) is a drop in your blood pressure when you get up from lying to sitting position or from sitting to standing.

When your blood pressure drops, less blood may go to your major organs and muscles. This may increase your risk of falling.

体位性低血压
体位性低血压（又叫直立性低血压），是由于身体姿势的变化（如从躺卧到坐起或从坐姿到站立）导致血压的下降。血压下降会进一步造成主要器官和肌肉的供血不足，从而增加你跌倒的风险。

What are the symptoms?

常见症状

Although many people with postural hypotension have no symptoms, others do. These symptoms can differ from person to person and may include:

Dizziness or light-headedness
Feelings of fainting or passing out or falling
Headaches, blurred vision
Feeling vague or muddled
Feeling pressure along your neck and shoulders
Feeling nauseous
Weakness or fatigue

虽然大多数有体位性低血压的人并没有症状，但是还是有一部分人会伴有症状。因为体位性低血压严重程度的不同，这些症状也会因人而异，可能包括：

头晕
有昏厥或跌倒的感觉
头痛，视力模糊
头脑模糊或混乱
在脖子和肩膀的部位有被压的感觉
感觉要呕吐
疲劳或无力

When do the symptoms occur?

症状多数可能发生在什么时候？

When standing or sitting up suddenly
In the morning when blood pressure is naturally lower
After a large meal or alcohol intake
During exercise
When straining in the toilet

站立或突然站立
在早上血压自然降低时
摄入大餐或酒精后
运动期间
排便时过度用力

What causes these symptoms?

常见的原因是什么？

Postural hypotension may be caused by or linked to:

Poorly controlled chronic high blood pressure
Diabetes, heart failure, or hardening of the blood vessels
Certain medications
Neurological conditions like Parkinson’s disease and some types of dementia
Dehydration
Alcoholism
Prolonged resting in bed

体位性低血压可由以下原因引起或有关联：

慢性高血压控制不佳
糖尿病，心脏衰竭，动脉硬化
某些药物
神经系统疾病如帕金森病和某些类型的失智症
脱水
酗酒
长时间卧床休息

What can I do to reduce these symptoms?

Drink two glasses of water in the morning after waking up.
Sleep with extra pillows to raise your head.
Avoid sudden position change.
Get out of bed slowly. First sit up, then sit on the edge of the bed for a few minutes, then stand up.
Make sure you have something to hold on to when you stand up.
Sit down to do washing, showering, dressing or working in the kitchen, if possible.
Do not walk if you feel symptomatic after position change.
Tell your doctor about any symptoms. Certain medications should be reduced or stopped.
Simple exercises

Before getting up (move your feet up and down and clench and unclench your hands).
After standing (slow marching in place).

Maintain six to eight glasses of fluid each day, unless you have been told to limit your fluid intake.
Take sodium (salt) supplementation as recommended by your doctor.
Keep a symptom diary and a lying and standing blood pressure log.