Colorectal Cancer

What causes colorectal cancer?

Colorectal cancer occurs when cells of the colon or rectum develop gene mutations that cause cells to grow uncontrollably and form tumours. While the exact cause of these mutations is not known, factors such as age, inherited genetic syndromes, diet and lifestyle can contribute to the development of colorectal cancer.

What are the risk factors for colorectal cancer?

Factors that can increase the risk of colorectal cancer include:

• Older age – Colorectal cancer is often diagnosed in people aged 50 years and above. However, younger people can also be diagnosed with the cancer.
• History of colorectal polyps or cancer
• Inflammatory bowel diseases such as ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease.
• Family history of colorectal cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis or hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer.
• Diabetes - people with diabetes or insulin resistance are at increased risk of colon cancer.
• A low-fibre, high fat diet
• A sedentary lifestyle
• Smoking
• Heavy use of alcohol