So far, there are no treatments that have been proven to be highly effective in preventing Age related Macular Degeneration (AMD). Studies have shown that smokers are more than four times more likely to develop "wet" or advanced Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD) than non-smokers. Therefore, reducing or stopping smoking can reduce the risk of AMD.
A particular combination of supplements and vitamins, commonly referred to as the "AREDS2" formulation, has been shown to reduce the risk of developing the advanced form of AMD. However, the reduction in risk was only about 25% over 5 years, and this was only proven for some patients with high risk, and not all patients. It would be best to consult your eye doctor on whether these supplements will be beneficial for you.
The best way to avoid permanent vision loss is with prompt eye examination and diagnosis by your eye doctor. Early diagnosis improves the chances of treatment success.
A screening tool, the Amsler grid, may help to detect subtle changes in your vision. You can monitor your vision daily by looking at an Amsler grid. If you do not have access to the Amsler grid, you may also use items that you see daily such as bathroom tiles or window panes with straight lines, both horizontal and vertical.
You should also eat a balanced diet that includes leafy green vegetables, stop smoking, and protect your eyes from UV light with protective sunglasses or brimmed head gear.
Amsler Grid Chart
