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Clinical Services

​Minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) (laparoscopic and robotic surgery)

Minimally-invasive surgery (MIS) (also known as “key-hole surgery”) has been proven to be associated with numerous advantages over the traditional open approach such decrease pain, faster recovery, decreased blood lost and lower wound infection rates. However, many surgeons and centers today still prefer to perform major HPB operations via open surgery (long open incisions) due to the complexity of these procedures. Several members of our department are highly adept in all aspects of MIS HPB surgery.

The department is a global and regional thought leader in the field with its vast experience in performing MIS (laparoscopic and robotic surgery) for complex liver, pancreatic and biliary procedures and is well-recognized internationally for its expertise. Presently, it is one of the highest volume centers in the field for MIS HPB surgery in the region.  Since starting its MIS program for liver and pancreatic resections in 2006, it has performed about 1500 MIS procedures for major HPB surgeries including over 950 MIS liver resections and 350 MIS major pancreatic resections as of 2022.

It is also the pioneer of robotic HPB surgery in the region, starting its formal program in 2013 and has performed over 160 robotic major HPB procedures as of 2022. Presently, robotic surgery is used selectively to complement conventional laparoscopy allowing more complex procedures to be completed successfully via the minimally-invasive approach.

Its surgical results (open conversion rate, morbidity and mortality) for MIS are on par with the very best centers worldwide and has been published in numerous prestigious international journals [1-7]. At present, its 30-day mortality rate for major HPB procedures performed via MIS is less than 0.5 %.

Today, with its extensive experience with MIS, virtually all types of major HPB procedures can be performed routinely via the MIS approach including major hepatectomies, major pancreatic surgeries including pancreatoduodenectomies (Whipples procedure) and hepaticojejunostomies. The MIS approach is now also performed frequently for recurrent cancers after previous open surgeries, very large tumors (> 10-15 cm) and tumors involving major blood vessels. Due to its expertise, the department is also a global thought leader in the field and has lead numerous international multicenter studies and has been part of several international expert consensus guidelines [8-13].

Surgical resection for borderline and locally-advanced HPB cancers

 Complete surgical resection remains the only curative treatment for most HPB cancers. However, frequently, these cancers are considered inoperable due to involvement of major blood vessels or adjacent critical organs. The department is experienced in treating these cancers using highly sophisticated surgical techniques to enable complete surgical removal for cancers considered inoperable by most surgeons. It currently performs highly complicated and innovative surgical procedures such as associating liver partition and portal vein ligation (ALPPS), cold in-situ perfusion and complex vascular reconstructions [14] to ensure the best chance of complete oncology clearance.

Deceased donor and living donor liver transplantation

The department is one of handful of centers in the region experienced in all aspects of liver transplantation and performs complicated transplants such as ABO incompatible liver transplantation and small-for-size graft living donor liver transplantation. Due to its extensive experience in MIS-HPB surgery, it is also one of a small number of transplant centers routinely performing pure laparoscopic donor hepatectomy for adult living donor liver transplantation. It also pioneered several complicated transplant procedures in the region such as the first combined heart-liver transplant in Asia and the first ABOi liver transplant in the region.

Common operations performed (open, laparoscopic and robotic)

Subspecialty procedures

Liver

  1. Major hepatectomy/ liver resection (right/ left/ extended/ central hepatectomy)

  2. Minor hepatectomy/ liver resection

  3. Sectionectomies and anatomical segmentectomies

  4. Associated liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS)

  5. Two staged hepatectomy after portal vein embolization/ ligation

  6. Liver cyst fenestration

  7. Intraoperative ablation (Microwave/ radiofrequncy)

Pancreas

  1. Pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipples procedure/ pylorus-preserving)

  2. Total pancreatectomy

  3. Subtotal/ distal pancreatectomies (spleen-saving)

  4. Enucleation

  5. Central pancreatectomy

  6. Pancreatectomy with arterial or venous reconstruction

  7. Necrosectomy

  8. Pancreatojejunostomy

  9. Duodenum preserving pancreatic head resections for chronic pancreatitis

  10. Pseudocyst drainage

Biliary

  1. Bile duct exploration for stones

  2. Hepaticojejunostomy and bile duct resection

  3. Radical cholecystectomy for gallbladder cancer

  4. Major hepatectomy with bile duct resection for cholangiocarcinoma (Klatskin tumor)

  5. Surgery for Mirizzis Syndrome and cholecystoenteric fistulas

  6. Completion cholecystectomy

General Surgery

  1. Cholecystectomy/ subtotal cholecystectomy

  2. Splenectomy

  3. Gastric, duodenum and small bowel resections for tumors

  4. Adrenalectomy

  5. Retroperitoneal tumors

  6. Intra-abdominal tumors

Clinical Outcomes

The department is presently one of the highest-volume and most experienced subspecialty departments in Southeast Asia currently performing about 400 major subspecialty HPB surgeries per annum (including > 200 major liver surgeries and > 100 major pancreatic surgeries per annum).

Find out more about our Clinical Outcomes here >

Department outpatient clinic sessions:

  1. Center for Digestive and Liver Diseases and M Clinic, Singapore General Hospital

  2.  

    Mon

    Tues

    Wed

    Thurs

    Friday

    Morning (AM)

    PC Cheow

    EK Tan

    JY Teo

    A Chung

    P Chow

    YX Koh (M)

    EK Tan

    YX Koh

     

    B Goh

    A Chung (M)

    Afternoon (PM)

    YX Koh

    P Raj (M)

    A Chung

    PC Cheow

    JY Teo

    L Ooi

    B Goh

     

    A Chung

    P Raj

    B Goh (M)

    PC Cheow (M)

     

     

  3. Comprehensive Liver Cancer Clinic, National Cancer Centre Singapore

 

Mon

Tues

Wed

Thurs

Friday

Morning (AM)

 

B Goh

 

 

 

P Chow

JY Teo

L Ooi

Afternoon (PM)

PC Cheow

P Chow

 

A Chung

P Chow

EK Tan

YX Koh

 

Enquiring patients and referring physicians, please email: [email protected]

Providing information regarding diagnosis/condition and treatment/surgery required would be useful.

References

  1. Goh BK, Lee SY, Teo JY, Kam JH, Cheow PC, Prema Raj J, Chow PK, Ooi LL, Chung AY, Chan CY. Changing trends associated with the adoption of minimally invasive hepatectomies: single institution experience with 400 cases. Surg Endosc 2018;32:4658-65 
  2. Goh BK, Lee SY, Koh YX, Kam JH, Chan CY. Minimally-invasive major hepatectomies: a Southeast Asian single institution experience with its first 120 consecutive cases. ANZ J Surg 2020;90:553-57
  3. Goh BK, Low TY, Teo JY, Lee SY, Chan CY, Chow PK, Chung AY, Ooi LL. Adoption of robotic liver, pancreatic and biliary surgery in Singapore: single institution experience with its first 100 consecutive cases. Ann Acad Med Singapore 2020;49:742-48.
  4. Goh BK, Wang Z, Koh YX, Lim KI. Adoption of laparoscopic liver resection in Singapore: analysis of 300 cases. Ann Acad Med Singapore 20221;50:742
  5. Chin KM, Linn YL, Cheong CK, Koh YX, Teo JY, Chung AY, Chan CY, Goh BK. Minimally-invasive vs open major hepatectomies for liver malignancies: a propensity-score matched analysis. J Gastrointestin Surg 2022;26:1041-53. 
  6. Goh BK, Low TY, Koh YX, Lee SY, Teo JY, Kam JH, Jeyaraj PR, Cheow PC, Chow PK, Ooi LL, Chung AY, Chan CY. Changing trends and outcomes associated with the adoption of minimally invasive pancreatic surgeries: a single institution experience with 150 consecutive procedures in Southeast Asia. J Minim Access Surg 2020;16:404-10
  7. Raghupathy J, Lee CY, Huan S, Koh YX, Tan EK, Teo JY, Cheow PC, Ooi LL, Chung AY, Chan CY, Goh BK. Propensity-score matched analysis comparing clinical outcomes of minimally-invasive vs open distal pancreatectomies: a single-centre experience. World J Surg 2022;46:207-214.
  8. Liu R, Zeh H, Wakabayashi G, Palanivelu C, Boggi U, Tsung A. Yang K, Coratti A, Goh BK, et al. International consensus statement on robotic pancreatic surgery in 2018. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2019;8:345-60
  9. Nagakawa Y, Nakata K, Nishino H, Ohtsuka O, Ban D, Asbun HJ, Boggi U, He Jin, Kendrick ML, Palanivelu C, Liu R, Wang SE, Tang CN, Takaori K, Hilal MA, Goh BK, Honda G, Jang JY, Kang CM, Kooby DA, Nakamura Y, Shrikhande SV, Wolfgang CL, Yiengpruksawan A, Yoon YS, Watanabe Y,  Kozono S, Ciria R, Berardi G, Garbarino GM, Higuichi R, Ikenaga N, Ishikawa Y, Maekawa A, Murase Y, Zimmitti G, Kunzler F, Wang ZZ, Sakuma L, Osakabe H, Takishita C, Endo I, Tanaka M, Yamaue H, Tanabe M, Wakabayashi G, Tsuchida A, Nakamura M. International expert consensus on precision anatomy for minimally invasive  pancreaticoduodenectomy: PAM-HBP Surgery Project. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2022;29:124-35
  10. Ban D, Nishino H, Ohtsuka T, Nagakawa Y, Nakata K, , , Asbun HJ, Boggi U, He Jin, Kendrick ML, Palanivelu C, Liu R, Wang SE, Tang CN, Takaori K, Hilal MA, Goh BK, Honda G, Jang JY, Kang CM, Kooby DA, Nakamura Y, Shrikhande SV, Wolfgang CL, Yiengpruksawan A, Yoon YS, Watanabe Y,  Kozono S, Ciria R, Berardi G, Garbarino GM, Higuichi R, Ikenaga N, Ishikawa Y, Maekawa A, Murase Y, Zimmitti G, Kunzler F, Wang ZZ, Sakuma L, Osakabe H, Takishita C, Endo I, Tanaka M, Yamaue H, Tanabe M, Wakabayashi G, Tsuchida A, Nakamura M. International expert consensus on precision anatomy for minimally invasive  distal pancreatectomy: PAM-HBP Surgery Project. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci 2022;29:161-73
  11. Troisi RI, Berardi G, Morise Z, Cipriani F, Ariisumi S, Sposito C, Panetta V, Simonella I, Kim S, Goh BK, Kuno S, Tanaka S, Takeda Y, Ettorre GM, Russillilo N, Wilson GC, Cimino M, Montalti R, Giglio M, Igarashi K, Chan CY, Torzilli G, Cheung TT, Mazzaferro V, Kaneko H, Ferrero A, Geller DA, Han HS, Kanazawa A, Wakabayashi G, Aldrighetti L, Yamamoto. Br J Surg 2021;108(2):196-204.
  12. Chong CC, Fuks D, Lee KF, Zhao JJ, Choi GH, Sucandy I, Chiow AK, Marino MV, Gastaca M, Wang X, Lee JH, Efanov M, Kingham TP, D’Hondt M, Troisi RI, Choi SH, Sutcliffe RP, Chan CY, Lai EC, Park JO, Di Benedetto F, Rotellar F, Sugioka A, Coelho FF, Ferrero A, Long TC, Lim C, Scatton O, Liu Q, Schmelzle M, Pratschke J, Cheung TT, Liu R, Han HS, Tang CN, Goh BK. Propensity-score matched analysis comparing robotic and laparoscopic right and extended right hepatectomy: an international multicenter study of 989 cases. JAMA Surgery 2022;157:436-444. 
  13. Goh BK, Han HS, Chen KH, et al. International robotic and laparoscopic liver resection study group investigators. Defining global benchmarks for laparoscopic liver resections: an international multicenter study. Ann Surg 2022 in press
  14. Chan KS, Srinivasan N, Koh YX, Tan EK, Teo JY, Lee SY, Cheow PC, Jeyaraj PR, Chow PK, Ooi LL, Chan CY, Chung AY, Goh BK. Comparison between long and short-term venous patencies after pancreatoduodenectomy or total pancreatectomy with portal/superior mesenteric vein resections stratified by reconstruction type. PLOS 2020;15:e0240737